In the practice of translation, we distinguish translations into related and imrelated languages. Nations have always been interested in each other’s history, culture and literature. Thus, different translations emerged.

The proposed article focuses on related Turkic languages Tatar and Turkish. Despite the similarity of vocabulary and grammar of these languages, many problems arise in translation.

This work describes some difficult cases that arose in the process of translating a Tatar text into Turkish. A comparative analysis of the original and its translation indicates that translation difficulties arise even in the case of related languages. Linguistic and cultural phenomena, realities and proverbs cause many problems for translators. The use of various translation techniques and methods makes it possible to successfully solve these difficulties. We describe in detail the transformations in the course of translation from one language into another of individual lexical units, features of the Tatar people’s everyday life and the scene of Sabantuy in G. Ibragimov’s work “Almachuar” (“Chubary”). In this way, we ensure a scientific and practical understanding of the translation between related languages.

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The article describes the vocabulary of the monument written in the Old Tatar literary language – the work of Kadyrgali Bek (Kadyr Ali-bek) conventionally called “Jami at-tawarikh” (“A Collection of Chronicles”). Kadyrgali Bek was the vizier of the Kasimov Khan. In honor of Uraz-Muhammad’s enthronement, he wrote “The Praise” dedicated to Tsar Boris Godunov. The work also includes Rashid ad-Din’s translation of the work of the same name and dastans about the Golden Horde khans, written by the author himself. All found copies of this work come from the Volga-Ural Region and are associated with Kazan and Kasimov. This written monument, created in 1602 in Kasimov, stands out among other monuments because it intertwines and mixes grammatical forms and vocabulary of various dialects of the Turkic-Tatar language. Kadyrgali Bek himself calls the language of his composition Turk. This language is of a mixed nature, it combines literary forms that go back to the Volga Turks (the 12^th-15^th centuries) and it was to a certain extent influenced by the Chagatai tradition with some elements of the Tatar colloquial language of the 16^th-17th centuries.

The article systematizes a range of scientific articles devoted to the life and work of the famous folklorist, Doctor of Philology, Prof Marcel Bakirov (1933) and describes various facets of his research and creative activities. The research was conducted using the biographical and culturalhistorical methods. The article contains a bibliography of the works about the scholar.

The article describes the life and creative path of Razil Valeev, analyzes his poetic works and determines the poet’s place in Tatar poetry of the second half of the 20^th–early 21^st centuries. Although the writer worked fruitfully in all three forms of verbal art, it was in the poetic field that he became famous as a talented poet. This article proves that many poet’s works have become “programmatic” for Tatar poetry and identifies the main trends in his literary career. The central motifs and innovations, introduced by R. Valeev into the concept of the lyrical hero and the verse poetics, are presented in the context of the literary process of the second half of the 20^th–early 21^st centuries. As a result of our analysis, we trace a revival of rebellious traditions in R. Valeev’s works; against this background, we reveal the concept of his lyrical hero, as well as his system of motifs. The poet revived avant-garde traditions in the spirit of Taktash, successfully used Aesopian language through symbolic images and referred to the folk style in spiritual lyrical poetry.

The article systematizes the material from the history of folklore expeditions made by the researcher-encyclopedist Naki Isanbet outside Kazan. Hiking expeditions were undertaken by the scholar during his work as a methodologist in the Atninsky and Kzyl-Yul Districts of the TASSR in 1938.

The analysis of the bayt “Ura Flooded” is based on the memories of its residents, legends and other sources. For the first time the consolidated bayt text, compiled by the folklorist, has been submitted for publication. By analyzing Tatar sources, the article reconstructs the life of the manufacturers of the Lower Urals.

The article discusses the evolution of the Siberian Tatars’ socio-political movement in the period between two revolutions of the early 20th century the revolution of 1905–1907 and the February Revolution of 1917. The article shows that until 1917, the movement predominantly took shape of charitable societies, whose purpose was primarily cultural and educational activities. However, the Muslims of Siberia had already taken part in the All-Russian Muslim Congresses of 1906 and 1914. The peak of the socio-political movement occurred in 1917 early 1918 when Muslim committees and bureaus were organized in cities, and provincial Muslim congresses, Muslim Shuros (National Councils) and provincial branches of the Milli Idare (The National Administration) were held. The article pays special attention to the discussions of 1917 – early 1918, which raised the issues of creating separate autonomous structures of Siberian Muslims. We have found that the Tatars of Asian Russia eventually abandoned the idea of forming parallel bodies of religious and national-cultural autonomy, retaining parishes as part of a single Spiritual Assembly and becoming part of the Milli Idare with its center in Ufa.

This work continues a series of articles about the composer Anton Eichenwald, published in the “Tatarica” Journal in 2022-2023: “Symphony Concert of Oriental Music in Kazan in 1923” (2022, No. 1), “Concerts of Oriental Music” in Paris (2022, No. 2), “Anton Eichenwald and the Kazan Cabinet of Musical Folklore” (2023, No. 1). Based on the archival materials, our study systematizes information on the history of creation and production of his opera “The Steppe”. We prove that the composer A. Eichenwald undertook this work in order to give a new life to his arrangements of Tatar folk songs.

Based on the analysis of archival documents, the article systematizes new facts from the life of the Tatar artist Hadji-Murat Kazakov, shedding light on his work during World War II and the post-war construction. The epistolary sources, introduced into circulation, reveal such a facet of his creative nature as his talent of a graphic artist and a restorer.

Vagiz Fatkhullovich Fatkhullin (1937-2005) was a researcher in the field of structural mechanics, candidate of technical sciences (1973), Honored Worker of Science and Technology of the Republic of Tatarstan (1996).

In 1964, he graduated from the Kazan Institute of Civil Engineering (now Kazan University of Architecture and Civil Engineering) and began his teaching and scientific career at his home university. He was the Dean of the Faeulty of Civil Engineering (1984-2005) and a professor in the Department of Reinforced Concrete Stractnres (1994-2005), with a break in 1980-1983.

He tanght at the University of Annaba (Algeria).

Zakiyev Mirfatykh Zakiyevich

(1928-2023) was a seholar, Tatar linguist, doetor of philology (1963), professor (1964), head of the Department of Tatar Language and Literature at Kazan State University (now Kazan Federal University) (1960-1965), the rector of the Kazan State Pedagogical Institute (1967-1986), director of the Institute of Language, Literature and History of the Kazan branch of the USSR Academy of Sciences (later the Institute of Language, Literature and History (1986-2000), head of the Linguistics Department of the Institute of Language, Literature and Art of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tatarstan (19862014), a chief researcher of the Department of Lexicology and Dialectology     (2014-2023), consulting professor at Kazan Federal University (2020-2023), academician of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tatarstan (1991), Honored Scientist of the TASSR (1970), Honored Scientist of the RSFSR (1976), laureate of the State Prize of the Republic of Tatarstan in the Field of Science and Technology (1994), emeritus professor of Kazan University (2013).

Niyaz Kuramshevich Dautov (1913–1986) was a singer (lyric tenor), opera director, teacher, People’s Artist of the RSFSR (1957) and professor (1986). He was born in Kazan in 1913. In 1938, he graduated from the Tatar Opera Studio at the Moscow Conservatory. From 1939– 1943, he studied at the Moscow Conservatory. In 1953, he graduated from the Ural Conservatory. In 1943–1956    and    1960–1964,    he

worked as a soloist and director of the Sverdlovsk Opera and Ballet Theater. In 1965–1975, Dautov N. was the chief director of the Chelyabinsk Opera and Ballet Theater. In 1956–1960 and from 1975 to 1986, he worked as a soloist and the chief director of the Tatar Opera and Ballet Theater. In 1975–1986, he became the head of the Department of Opera Training at the Kazan Conservatory (since 1982 he was a professor).

Niyaz Dautov was an Honored Artist of the RSFSR (1954), People’s Artist of the RSFSR (1957), Laureate of the TASSR G. Tukay State Prize (1958).

The purpose of the article is to review the popular seienee eollection called “Аяз Гыйлэжев” (“Ayaz Gilyazov”) (comp, by M. M. Khabutdinova Kazan: Jyen, 2023. 672 p.). The collection includes memoirs about Ayaz Gilyazov (1928-2002), the People’s Writer of the Republic of Tatarstan, winner of the State Prize named after G. Tukay, as well as the author’s autobiographical works, critical and journalistic articles, interviews, photographs and documents from the writer’s personal archive. The diaries and documents stored in the personal archive of the writer and publicist Ayaz Gilyazov, a classic of Tatar literature, a prominent representative of Tatar prose of the second half of the 20* century, have been collected and presented to the scientific community by Candidate of Philology Milyeusha Khabutdinova, a literary scholar who compiled a collection of reviews, which are of great significance in the studies devoted to the development of social consciousness in the 20* century. The publication is based on the principles of chronological and genre diversity. The material is subsumed into eight sections. The last section, entitled “Татар кодексы” (“The Tatar Codex”), has a quote from Rafael Sibat’s review of Ayaz Gilyazov’s work “Иэгез, бер дога!” (“Let’s Pray!”). The writer’s contribution to the national literary art and methods of research along with the methods for analyzing and the scientific principles of evaluation of his works are highlighted in the preface to Milyeusha Khabutdinova’s collection and in her articles about the writer’s letters and diaries, as well as in the memoirs of M. Sh. Shaimiev, the First President of the Republic of Tatarstan and State Adviser, the scholar I. Andreeva, the writers G. Akhunov, R. Zaidulla, Sh. Rakipov, R. Valiyev, A. Litvin, M. Galiev, T. Galiullin and R. Mukhamadeev

The purpose of the article is to convey to the reader the essence of Marcel Bakirov’s book “Men de ber fiker” (“A Thousand and One Thoughts”) and to determine the place of the book, chosen as our research object, in the field of literary criticism and folklore. The article establishes the author’s purpose of writing this philosophical-sounding book and its target readers.

The article highlights the scientific value of this voluminous book, consisting of three chapters, and proves that the individual articles, presented in the chapters, describe various aspects of the scholar’s work, they are compiled in a logical sequence, forming a single whole.

The research articles, presented in the first two chapters of the book, help to understand the work of the prominent scholar who has lived a long and hard life, who is conducting studies in the field of literary criticism, the history of poetry and folkloristics. The third chapter expresses the author’s desire to transfer research results to other scholars, to be loyal to the chosen profession and reveals the secrets of achieving great success. It is proven that such work is very important for aspiring young scholars.

The information was submitted by G. A. Nabiullina, Associate Professor of the Institute of Philology and Intercultural Communication, Kazan Federal University.